Incidental Mutation 'R4883:Acaca'
ID 375439
Institutional Source Beutler Lab
Gene Symbol Acaca
Ensembl Gene ENSMUSG00000020532
Gene Name acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase alpha
Synonyms Acc1, LOC327983, Acac, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, A530025K05Rik
MMRRC Submission 042491-MU
Accession Numbers
Essential gene? Essential (E-score: 1.000) question?
Stock # R4883 (G1)
Quality Score 225
Status Not validated
Chromosome 11
Chromosomal Location 84020498-84292477 bp(+) (GRCm39)
Type of Mutation missense
DNA Base Change (assembly) T to A at 84142116 bp (GRCm39)
Zygosity Heterozygous
Amino Acid Change Valine to Glutamic Acid at position 641 (V641E)
Ref Sequence ENSEMBL: ENSMUSP00000099490 (fasta)
Gene Model predicted gene model for transcript(s): [ENSMUST00000020843] [ENSMUST00000103201]
AlphaFold Q5SWU9
Predicted Effect probably benign
Transcript: ENSMUST00000020843
AA Change: V641E

PolyPhen 2 Score 0.014 (Sensitivity: 0.96; Specificity: 0.79)
SMART Domains Protein: ENSMUSP00000020843
Gene: ENSMUSG00000020532
AA Change: V641E

DomainStartEndE-ValueType
Pfam:CPSase_L_chain 116 236 4.7e-33 PFAM
Pfam:CPSase_L_D2 272 472 2.5e-55 PFAM
Pfam:ATP-grasp 280 443 4.3e-7 PFAM
Pfam:ATP-grasp_4 282 442 1.9e-11 PFAM
Pfam:Dala_Dala_lig_C 284 440 5.4e-7 PFAM
Biotin_carb_C 506 613 3.76e-24 SMART
low complexity region 708 725 N/A INTRINSIC
Pfam:Biotin_lipoyl 751 817 9.8e-19 PFAM
Pfam:ACC_central 818 1568 2.1e-288 PFAM
Pfam:Carboxyl_trans 1668 2222 1.6e-185 PFAM
Predicted Effect probably benign
Transcript: ENSMUST00000103201
AA Change: V641E

PolyPhen 2 Score 0.014 (Sensitivity: 0.96; Specificity: 0.79)
SMART Domains Protein: ENSMUSP00000099490
Gene: ENSMUSG00000020532
AA Change: V641E

DomainStartEndE-ValueType
Pfam:CPSase_L_chain 116 236 6.7e-29 PFAM
Pfam:ATP-grasp_4 239 442 2e-15 PFAM
Pfam:CPSase_L_D2 272 472 3.3e-55 PFAM
Pfam:Dala_Dala_lig_C 279 440 3e-7 PFAM
Pfam:ATP-grasp 281 442 1.1e-6 PFAM
Biotin_carb_C 506 613 3.76e-24 SMART
low complexity region 708 725 N/A INTRINSIC
Pfam:Biotin_lipoyl 751 817 3.7e-18 PFAM
Pfam:ACC_central 818 1568 3.5e-253 PFAM
Pfam:Carboxyl_trans 1668 2222 2.7e-175 PFAM
Coding Region Coverage
  • 1x: 99.1%
  • 3x: 98.5%
  • 10x: 96.9%
  • 20x: 94.2%
Validation Efficiency
MGI Phenotype FUNCTION: [Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is a complex multifunctional enzyme system. ACC is a biotin-containing enzyme which catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, the rate-limiting step in fatty acid synthesis. There are two ACC forms, alpha and beta, encoded by two different genes. ACC-alpha is highly enriched in lipogenic tissues. The enzyme is under long term control at the transcriptional and translational levels and under short term regulation by the phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of targeted serine residues and by allosteric transformation by citrate or palmitoyl-CoA. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants divergent in the 5' sequence and encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
PHENOTYPE: Homozygous null mice display embryonic lethality before embryo turning with growth arrest at the egg cylinder stage. [provided by MGI curators]
Allele List at MGI
Other mutations in this stock
Total: 96 list
GeneRefVarChr/LocMutationPredicted EffectZygosity
Abca5 T C 11: 110,217,457 (GRCm39) D133G probably damaging Het
Abcg4 G T 9: 44,190,616 (GRCm39) H55Q probably damaging Het
Adam28 T C 14: 68,875,552 (GRCm39) I229V probably damaging Het
Adgrl3 T A 5: 81,837,493 (GRCm39) I793N probably damaging Het
Akr1d1 A T 6: 37,535,336 (GRCm39) D240V possibly damaging Het
Arhgef25 T C 10: 127,018,802 (GRCm39) D548G probably benign Het
Asl A G 5: 130,042,802 (GRCm39) probably null Het
Atg14 C T 14: 47,788,771 (GRCm39) R194Q probably damaging Het
BC004004 T A 17: 29,501,166 (GRCm39) F38L probably damaging Het
Btg1 T C 10: 96,453,259 (GRCm39) F25L probably benign Het
Btrc C T 19: 45,445,026 (GRCm39) P35S probably benign Het
Calcr T A 6: 3,714,705 (GRCm39) N142Y probably damaging Het
Ccdc138 A G 10: 58,397,818 (GRCm39) I553V probably benign Het
Ccdc198 T A 14: 49,482,560 (GRCm39) N52I probably damaging Het
Cdc42 T A 4: 137,056,115 (GRCm39) N132I probably benign Het
Ces1e A G 8: 93,950,716 (GRCm39) S22P probably benign Het
Clmn G T 12: 104,748,307 (GRCm39) D413E probably benign Het
Cramp1 T C 17: 25,201,293 (GRCm39) T730A probably benign Het
Dnah5 A T 15: 28,343,784 (GRCm39) M2395L probably benign Het
Ephx1 G T 1: 180,829,488 (GRCm39) S20Y possibly damaging Het
Exoc5 T G 14: 49,289,821 (GRCm39) E19A probably damaging Het
Fam120b T C 17: 15,623,294 (GRCm39) L424P probably benign Het
Fam89a G A 8: 125,467,823 (GRCm39) T163I possibly damaging Het
Fcrl2 G A 3: 87,166,922 (GRCm39) L24F possibly damaging Het
Fgd6 G T 10: 93,975,715 (GRCm39) V1377L probably benign Het
Glud1 T A 14: 34,057,347 (GRCm39) I337K possibly damaging Het
Gm6370 T A 5: 146,430,736 (GRCm39) I303N probably benign Het
Gm7995 T C 14: 42,133,383 (GRCm39) Y88H probably damaging Het
Gsdma3 T C 11: 98,520,393 (GRCm39) probably null Het
Gsdmc2 T C 15: 63,707,614 (GRCm39) D60G probably damaging Het
Hcn1 T A 13: 118,039,431 (GRCm39) probably null Het
Hectd1 A T 12: 51,831,030 (GRCm39) C936* probably null Het
Herc4 T A 10: 63,121,433 (GRCm39) S358T probably benign Het
Hk3 A G 13: 55,158,735 (GRCm39) C515R probably benign Het
Ighg1 A G 12: 113,291,138 (GRCm39) probably benign Het
Iqgap3 T A 3: 88,014,842 (GRCm39) C853S probably benign Het
Irx4 G A 13: 73,415,750 (GRCm39) A180T probably damaging Het
Kif20b A G 19: 34,943,522 (GRCm39) T1441A probably benign Het
Lifr A G 15: 7,215,106 (GRCm39) K738E possibly damaging Het
Lmntd2 A T 7: 140,792,531 (GRCm39) S218T probably damaging Het
Lnx1 A T 5: 74,768,530 (GRCm39) W353R probably benign Het
Lrfn3 G T 7: 30,055,238 (GRCm39) P569Q possibly damaging Het
Mamstr A G 7: 45,293,838 (GRCm39) I11V probably benign Het
Med31 T C 11: 72,104,975 (GRCm39) N32S possibly damaging Het
Mob3c A T 4: 115,690,928 (GRCm39) I173F probably benign Het
Morc3 A G 16: 93,667,250 (GRCm39) probably null Het
Mphosph9 T C 5: 124,437,108 (GRCm39) K412R probably damaging Het
Mtcl3 A T 10: 29,072,537 (GRCm39) N610Y probably damaging Het
Mthfd1l C T 10: 3,957,775 (GRCm39) P271S probably benign Het
Ncam1 C T 9: 49,453,183 (GRCm39) probably null Het
Ncbp3 T A 11: 72,960,578 (GRCm39) Y279N probably damaging Het
Ncoa6 G A 2: 155,248,687 (GRCm39) T1539I probably benign Het
Nedd4 G A 9: 72,647,515 (GRCm39) probably null Het
Neil1 A G 9: 57,054,206 (GRCm39) V38A probably damaging Het
Ngf T A 3: 102,427,961 (GRCm39) F237I probably damaging Het
Nol3 A G 8: 106,005,888 (GRCm39) Q94R possibly damaging Het
Obox1 A G 7: 15,290,263 (GRCm39) N202S probably damaging Het
Odc1 T A 12: 17,597,386 (GRCm39) N29K possibly damaging Het
Or2b7 C T 13: 21,739,658 (GRCm39) R178H probably benign Het
Or2h15 T C 17: 38,441,508 (GRCm39) T192A probably damaging Het
Or4a69 C T 2: 89,312,652 (GRCm39) V276I probably benign Het
Or52a20 A C 7: 103,365,914 (GRCm39) I38L probably benign Het
P2rx7 T A 5: 122,819,129 (GRCm39) V517E probably damaging Het
Parm1 A G 5: 91,741,775 (GRCm39) T48A possibly damaging Het
Pcdh9 T A 14: 94,126,164 (GRCm39) D2V possibly damaging Het
Pgm3 G T 9: 86,451,378 (GRCm39) T92N probably damaging Het
Plcg2 G T 8: 118,333,872 (GRCm39) G882* probably null Het
Ptpn14 C T 1: 189,582,997 (GRCm39) P615S probably damaging Het
Ptprk A T 10: 28,464,928 (GRCm39) Y1244F probably damaging Het
Rere G A 4: 150,700,510 (GRCm39) A1162T probably damaging Het
Rfx2 T C 17: 57,090,747 (GRCm39) E391G probably damaging Het
Sema4c A G 1: 36,591,097 (GRCm39) V414A probably damaging Het
Serpinb10 A T 1: 107,468,681 (GRCm39) N185I probably damaging Het
Shroom3 T G 5: 93,098,993 (GRCm39) M1410R probably benign Het
Slc13a1 A T 6: 24,134,356 (GRCm39) S176T probably benign Het
Sntb1 A T 15: 55,506,198 (GRCm39) Y458* probably null Het
Sorcs1 C T 19: 50,220,741 (GRCm39) V570I probably benign Het
Sp8 T A 12: 118,812,805 (GRCm39) V220E probably damaging Het
Spry1 C T 3: 37,696,868 (GRCm39) T37M possibly damaging Het
Sspo A T 6: 48,437,756 (GRCm39) H1305L probably benign Het
Tbc1d22a A G 15: 86,381,117 (GRCm39) D509G possibly damaging Het
Tmem108 A T 9: 103,376,276 (GRCm39) V391D possibly damaging Het
Tmem132d T A 5: 128,346,366 (GRCm39) H52L possibly damaging Het
Tmem132d T A 5: 128,346,364 (GRCm39) I53F probably damaging Het
Tnnt2 A T 1: 135,775,496 (GRCm39) R87* probably null Het
Ube3a A T 7: 58,893,198 (GRCm39) M1L probably benign Het
Unc79 A G 12: 103,060,592 (GRCm39) T1119A probably damaging Het
Usf3 A T 16: 44,039,942 (GRCm39) H1474L probably damaging Het
Vcpip1 G A 1: 9,817,423 (GRCm39) T320I probably damaging Het
Vmn1r56 A G 7: 5,199,443 (GRCm39) L58P probably damaging Het
Wdr53 A T 16: 32,075,796 (GRCm39) K334* probably null Het
Zbtb40 T A 4: 136,728,241 (GRCm39) R459W probably benign Het
Zfc3h1 T A 10: 115,246,547 (GRCm39) L878Q probably damaging Het
Zfp286 T C 11: 62,671,455 (GRCm39) D206G probably benign Het
Zfp46 T A 4: 136,017,792 (GRCm39) C209S probably damaging Het
Zup1 G T 10: 33,825,038 (GRCm39) T148K probably damaging Het
Other mutations in Acaca
AlleleSourceChrCoordTypePredicted EffectPPH Score
IGL00544:Acaca APN 11 84,169,743 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
IGL01134:Acaca APN 11 84,142,105 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.22
IGL01446:Acaca APN 11 84,151,457 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
IGL01591:Acaca APN 11 84,134,146 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
IGL01663:Acaca APN 11 84,168,628 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.85
IGL01767:Acaca APN 11 84,211,368 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.01
IGL02206:Acaca APN 11 84,151,573 (GRCm39) nonsense probably null
IGL02335:Acaca APN 11 84,105,084 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.84
IGL02477:Acaca APN 11 84,197,994 (GRCm39) splice site probably benign
IGL02515:Acaca APN 11 84,153,229 (GRCm39) missense probably benign
IGL02651:Acaca APN 11 84,136,030 (GRCm39) splice site probably benign
IGL02805:Acaca APN 11 84,113,959 (GRCm39) splice site probably benign
IGL03328:Acaca APN 11 84,211,355 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.00
effervescence UTSW 11 84,153,300 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.41
fizz UTSW 11 84,136,682 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 0.98
greenhouse UTSW 11 84,229,182 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
Serene UTSW 11 84,202,235 (GRCm39) splice site probably null
Tranquil UTSW 11 84,171,287 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
vitamin UTSW 11 84,171,261 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.78
ANU05:Acaca UTSW 11 84,206,678 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R0385:Acaca UTSW 11 84,122,574 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.01
R0518:Acaca UTSW 11 84,181,112 (GRCm39) critical splice acceptor site probably null
R0536:Acaca UTSW 11 84,171,342 (GRCm39) splice site probably benign
R0962:Acaca UTSW 11 84,202,129 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R0968:Acaca UTSW 11 84,129,859 (GRCm39) nonsense probably null
R1123:Acaca UTSW 11 84,154,906 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.09
R1452:Acaca UTSW 11 84,185,885 (GRCm39) splice site probably benign
R1478:Acaca UTSW 11 84,263,453 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R1500:Acaca UTSW 11 84,184,810 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.00
R1512:Acaca UTSW 11 84,086,295 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.00
R1657:Acaca UTSW 11 84,154,910 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.09
R1681:Acaca UTSW 11 84,117,011 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R1682:Acaca UTSW 11 84,283,043 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.23
R1688:Acaca UTSW 11 84,129,722 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R1755:Acaca UTSW 11 84,167,390 (GRCm39) frame shift probably null
R1775:Acaca UTSW 11 84,191,248 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.56
R1793:Acaca UTSW 11 84,229,219 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R1793:Acaca UTSW 11 84,206,795 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 0.98
R1855:Acaca UTSW 11 84,262,380 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 0.96
R1881:Acaca UTSW 11 84,191,297 (GRCm39) splice site probably benign
R1881:Acaca UTSW 11 84,161,213 (GRCm39) nonsense probably null
R1989:Acaca UTSW 11 84,153,355 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 0.98
R2147:Acaca UTSW 11 84,167,362 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.03
R2215:Acaca UTSW 11 84,254,619 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R2238:Acaca UTSW 11 84,282,331 (GRCm39) splice site probably benign
R2252:Acaca UTSW 11 84,262,358 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 0.99
R2316:Acaca UTSW 11 84,185,809 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.69
R2316:Acaca UTSW 11 84,154,906 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.16
R2337:Acaca UTSW 11 84,148,023 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.93
R2697:Acaca UTSW 11 84,255,239 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R3551:Acaca UTSW 11 84,152,450 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R3552:Acaca UTSW 11 84,152,450 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R3748:Acaca UTSW 11 84,202,235 (GRCm39) splice site probably null
R3844:Acaca UTSW 11 84,255,239 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R3873:Acaca UTSW 11 84,203,547 (GRCm39) unclassified probably benign
R4152:Acaca UTSW 11 84,183,752 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.88
R4406:Acaca UTSW 11 84,171,275 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.35
R4448:Acaca UTSW 11 84,153,318 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R4642:Acaca UTSW 11 84,171,287 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R4696:Acaca UTSW 11 84,171,261 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.78
R4707:Acaca UTSW 11 84,203,680 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 0.96
R4710:Acaca UTSW 11 84,283,163 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.84
R4775:Acaca UTSW 11 84,134,165 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R4821:Acaca UTSW 11 84,185,813 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.69
R4988:Acaca UTSW 11 84,154,121 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R5034:Acaca UTSW 11 84,136,090 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.00
R5255:Acaca UTSW 11 84,202,133 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R5294:Acaca UTSW 11 84,282,345 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.01
R5350:Acaca UTSW 11 84,106,699 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 0.99
R5437:Acaca UTSW 11 84,237,646 (GRCm39) splice site probably null
R5664:Acaca UTSW 11 84,134,210 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R5665:Acaca UTSW 11 84,136,120 (GRCm39) nonsense probably null
R5959:Acaca UTSW 11 84,106,792 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R6011:Acaca UTSW 11 84,136,570 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.44
R6027:Acaca UTSW 11 84,289,003 (GRCm39) missense probably benign
R6246:Acaca UTSW 11 84,206,796 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.08
R6313:Acaca UTSW 11 84,183,755 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.00
R6450:Acaca UTSW 11 84,171,294 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 0.98
R6623:Acaca UTSW 11 84,262,325 (GRCm39) critical splice acceptor site probably null
R6736:Acaca UTSW 11 84,129,664 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.05
R6752:Acaca UTSW 11 84,086,309 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.44
R6807:Acaca UTSW 11 84,282,356 (GRCm39) missense probably benign
R6826:Acaca UTSW 11 84,086,362 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R7035:Acaca UTSW 11 84,129,769 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R7078:Acaca UTSW 11 84,154,138 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.91
R7088:Acaca UTSW 11 84,169,783 (GRCm39) critical splice donor site probably null
R7201:Acaca UTSW 11 84,153,300 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.41
R7261:Acaca UTSW 11 84,259,526 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R7399:Acaca UTSW 11 84,151,505 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.89
R7421:Acaca UTSW 11 84,254,562 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.64
R7443:Acaca UTSW 11 84,206,619 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.02
R7453:Acaca UTSW 11 84,136,136 (GRCm39) missense probably benign
R7471:Acaca UTSW 11 84,168,608 (GRCm39) splice site probably null
R7519:Acaca UTSW 11 84,136,682 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 0.98
R7537:Acaca UTSW 11 84,151,460 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R7574:Acaca UTSW 11 84,152,414 (GRCm39) missense probably benign
R7633:Acaca UTSW 11 84,263,465 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.26
R7643:Acaca UTSW 11 84,229,182 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R7664:Acaca UTSW 11 84,136,175 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R7675:Acaca UTSW 11 84,206,742 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.04
R7676:Acaca UTSW 11 84,185,813 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.69
R7729:Acaca UTSW 11 84,262,339 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 0.98
R7867:Acaca UTSW 11 84,140,350 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.88
R7898:Acaca UTSW 11 84,255,275 (GRCm39) critical splice donor site probably null
R7909:Acaca UTSW 11 84,136,061 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.56
R7915:Acaca UTSW 11 84,167,414 (GRCm39) missense probably benign
R7956:Acaca UTSW 11 84,211,406 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 0.98
R8000:Acaca UTSW 11 84,283,057 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.88
R8038:Acaca UTSW 11 84,106,730 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R8545:Acaca UTSW 11 84,236,794 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R8722:Acaca UTSW 11 84,229,283 (GRCm39) missense possibly damaging 0.85
R9005:Acaca UTSW 11 84,262,410 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 0.99
R9130:Acaca UTSW 11 84,202,145 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R9397:Acaca UTSW 11 84,259,551 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R9489:Acaca UTSW 11 84,183,842 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.01
R9540:Acaca UTSW 11 84,134,237 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
R9593:Acaca UTSW 11 84,271,339 (GRCm39) nonsense probably null
R9605:Acaca UTSW 11 84,183,842 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.01
R9634:Acaca UTSW 11 84,184,816 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.00
R9720:Acaca UTSW 11 84,154,183 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
RF014:Acaca UTSW 11 84,122,550 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.01
X0027:Acaca UTSW 11 84,183,721 (GRCm39) missense probably benign 0.01
X0060:Acaca UTSW 11 84,154,930 (GRCm39) missense probably benign
X0067:Acaca UTSW 11 84,259,563 (GRCm39) nonsense probably null
Z1176:Acaca UTSW 11 84,151,546 (GRCm39) missense probably damaging 1.00
Predicted Primers PCR Primer
(F):5'- TGCCCATTATCTACAGCCAG -3'
(R):5'- TTGCCACCCATTCAGGAATAAC -3'

Sequencing Primer
(F):5'- AGCTGCACAGATGACTTGTC -3'
(R):5'- CAAACAACCAGTAGTCATAAAGTGC -3'
Posted On 2016-03-17