Phenotypic Mutation 'charlotte_gray' (pdf version)
Allelecharlotte_gray
Mutation Type intron
Chromosome13
Coordinate13,602,026 bp (GRCm38)
Base Change T ⇒ G (forward strand)
Gene Lyst
Gene Name lysosomal trafficking regulator
Synonym(s) D13Sfk13
Chromosomal Location 13,590,397-13,778,803 bp (+)
MGI Phenotype Strain: 1855968
FUNCTION: [Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] This gene encodes a protein that regulates intracellular protein trafficking in endosomes, and may be involved in pigmentation. Mutations in this gene are associated with Chediak-Higashi syndrome, a lysosomal storage disorder. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, though the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2013]
PHENOTYPE: Homozygous mice have a phenotype similar to human Chediak-Higashi syndrome patients, exhibiting lysosomal dysfunction with resultant protein storage; diluted coat color; abnormal melanogenesis; immune cell dysfunction resulting in increased susceptibility to bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections and decreased cytotoxic activity against tumor cells. [provided by MGI curators]
Accession Number

NCBI RefSeq: NM_010748; MGI: 107448

MappedYes 
Amino Acid Change
Institutional SourceBeutler Lab
Gene Model not available
AlphaFold no structure available at present
SMART Domains Protein: ENSMUSP00000106188
Gene: ENSMUSG00000019726

DomainStartEndE-ValueType
low complexity region 26 36 N/A INTRINSIC
low complexity region 72 82 N/A INTRINSIC
low complexity region 399 412 N/A INTRINSIC
low complexity region 1333 1344 N/A INTRINSIC
low complexity region 2295 2307 N/A INTRINSIC
low complexity region 2427 2445 N/A INTRINSIC
low complexity region 2534 2546 N/A INTRINSIC
Pfam:PH_BEACH 3006 3101 5.8e-25 PFAM
Beach 3118 3408 1.25e-193 SMART
Blast:Beach 3441 3478 9e-13 BLAST
WD40 3539 3579 5.75e-1 SMART
WD40 3591 3630 2.89e-5 SMART
WD40 3633 3676 1.38e0 SMART
WD40 3724 3765 1.27e-1 SMART
Predicted Effect probably benign
Meta Mutation Damage Score Not available question?
Is this an essential gene? Possibly nonessential (E-score: 0.300) question?
Phenotypic Category Autosomal Recessive
Candidate Explorer Status loading ...
Single pedigree
Linkage Analysis Data
Penetrance 100% 
Alleles Listed at MGI

All alleles(45) : Gene trapped(30) Spontaneous(8) Chemically induced(6) Radiation induced(1

Lab Alleles
AlleleSourceChrCoordTypePredicted EffectPPH Score
IGL00156:Lyst APN 13 13648878 missense probably benign
IGL00474:Lyst APN 13 13643536 missense possibly damaging 0.48
IGL00484:Lyst APN 13 13709603 missense probably benign 0.02
IGL00492:Lyst APN 13 13678175 missense possibly damaging 0.54
IGL00807:Lyst APN 13 13650423 missense possibly damaging 0.91
IGL00949:Lyst APN 13 13635485 missense possibly damaging 0.87
IGL00952:Lyst APN 13 13678107 missense probably benign 0.05
IGL01305:Lyst APN 13 13678056 missense probably benign 0.01
IGL01317:Lyst APN 13 13670870 missense probably benign
IGL01419:Lyst APN 13 13635838 missense probably benign 0.00
IGL01445:Lyst APN 13 13651714 missense probably benign 0.00
IGL01690:Lyst APN 13 13743246 missense probably damaging 1.00
IGL01791:Lyst APN 13 13635302 missense probably damaging 1.00
IGL01809:Lyst APN 13 13637803 missense probably damaging 1.00
IGL01896:Lyst APN 13 13635577 missense probably benign 0.04
IGL01938:Lyst APN 13 13637424 missense possibly damaging 0.93
IGL01986:Lyst APN 13 13775627 critical splice donor site probably null
IGL02022:Lyst APN 13 13664044 nonsense probably null
IGL02044:Lyst APN 13 13712846 missense probably damaging 1.00
IGL02157:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02185:Lyst APN 13 13661093 nonsense probably null
IGL02215:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02245:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02246:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02247:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02297:Lyst APN 13 13638092 nonsense probably null
IGL02411:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02415:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02419:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02420:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02429:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02501:Lyst APN 13 13711645 missense probably benign 0.02
IGL02522:Lyst APN 13 13634705 missense possibly damaging 0.81
IGL02535:Lyst APN 13 13650342 missense probably benign 0.00
IGL02596:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02601:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02603:Lyst APN 13 13660956 missense probably benign
IGL02608:Lyst APN 13 13712754 missense probably damaging 0.98
IGL02622:Lyst APN 13 13681390 missense probably damaging 1.00
IGL02690:Lyst APN 13 13641125 missense possibly damaging 0.58
IGL02715:Lyst APN 13 13674320 splice site probably null
IGL02725:Lyst APN 13 13760827 missense probably damaging 1.00
IGL02729:Lyst APN 13 13674339 missense possibly damaging 0.81
IGL02729:Lyst APN 13 13746609 missense possibly damaging 0.95
IGL02820:Lyst APN 13 13638058 missense probably benign 0.03
IGL02945:Lyst APN 13 13761198 missense possibly damaging 0.48
IGL02981:Lyst APN 13 13634911 missense probably damaging 0.99
IGL03087:Lyst APN 13 13635056 missense probably damaging 1.00
IGL03149:Lyst APN 13 13681444 missense probably benign 0.14
IGL03158:Lyst APN 13 13651752 critical splice donor site probably null
IGL03226:Lyst APN 13 13709559 missense probably benign 0.01
IGL03242:Lyst APN 13 13656881 nonsense probably null
IGL03385:Lyst APN 13 13656980 nonsense probably null
50-cal UTSW 13 13708212 critical splice donor site probably null
charcoal UTSW 13 13696761 nonsense probably null
charzard UTSW 13 13647083 nonsense probably null
grey_wolf UTSW 13 unclassified
lightspeed UTSW 13 13740536 missense possibly damaging 0.91
pardon UTSW 13 13677952 missense probably benign 0.00
robin UTSW 13 13648802 nonsense probably null
sooty UTSW 13 unclassified
souris UTSW 13 13683223 unclassified probably benign
Swallow UTSW 13 13757422 missense probably benign 0.00
vulpix UTSW 13 13696794 splice site probably null
ANU22:Lyst UTSW 13 13678056 missense probably benign 0.01
IGL02835:Lyst UTSW 13 13661100 missense possibly damaging 0.82
P0031:Lyst UTSW 13 13664031 missense probably damaging 1.00
R0012:Lyst UTSW 13 13687694 missense probably benign 0.10
R0012:Lyst UTSW 13 13687694 missense probably benign 0.10
R0031:Lyst UTSW 13 13708156 missense probably benign 0.14
R0115:Lyst UTSW 13 13677952 missense probably benign 0.00
R0212:Lyst UTSW 13 13635985 missense possibly damaging 0.93
R0386:Lyst UTSW 13 13708214 splice site probably benign
R0393:Lyst UTSW 13 13647079 missense probably benign 0.01
R0415:Lyst UTSW 13 13711610 splice site probably benign
R0446:Lyst UTSW 13 13638048 missense probably benign 0.00
R0481:Lyst UTSW 13 13677952 missense probably benign 0.00
R0499:Lyst UTSW 13 13616713 missense probably damaging 1.00
R0506:Lyst UTSW 13 13638015 missense probably benign
R0530:Lyst UTSW 13 13757306 splice site probably benign
R0541:Lyst UTSW 13 13681293 missense probably benign 0.00
R0570:Lyst UTSW 13 13709386 missense probably benign 0.26
R0680:Lyst UTSW 13 13650341 missense probably benign 0.01
R0842:Lyst UTSW 13 13678241 nonsense probably null
R0848:Lyst UTSW 13 13634930 missense probably benign 0.00
R1014:Lyst UTSW 13 13634060 missense possibly damaging 0.49
R1205:Lyst UTSW 13 13680202 missense probably benign
R1251:Lyst UTSW 13 13634483 missense probably benign 0.00
R1304:Lyst UTSW 13 13751984 nonsense probably null
R1398:Lyst UTSW 13 13740536 missense possibly damaging 0.91
R1445:Lyst UTSW 13 13640054 missense possibly damaging 0.94
R1475:Lyst UTSW 13 13708212 critical splice donor site probably null
R1479:Lyst UTSW 13 13634482 missense probably benign 0.00
R1484:Lyst UTSW 13 13678190 missense probably benign 0.01
R1498:Lyst UTSW 13 13650375 missense possibly damaging 0.49
R1540:Lyst UTSW 13 13635101 missense possibly damaging 0.81
R1611:Lyst UTSW 13 13634897 missense probably damaging 0.97
R1653:Lyst UTSW 13 13635226 missense probably damaging 1.00
R1669:Lyst UTSW 13 13644087 missense possibly damaging 0.90
R1686:Lyst UTSW 13 13634705 missense possibly damaging 0.81
R1694:Lyst UTSW 13 13661161 missense probably damaging 0.98
R1747:Lyst UTSW 13 13757422 missense probably benign 0.00
R1793:Lyst UTSW 13 13647083 nonsense probably null
R1871:Lyst UTSW 13 13651712 missense probably benign 0.00
R1905:Lyst UTSW 13 13634134 missense probably benign
R1958:Lyst UTSW 13 13616618 missense probably damaging 1.00
R1969:Lyst UTSW 13 13730344 missense probably damaging 0.99
R2040:Lyst UTSW 13 13641222 missense probably benign 0.00
R2109:Lyst UTSW 13 13712820 missense possibly damaging 0.46
R2116:Lyst UTSW 13 13635701 missense probably damaging 0.99
R2121:Lyst UTSW 13 13660971 missense probably damaging 1.00
R2127:Lyst UTSW 13 13635262 missense probably damaging 1.00
R2187:Lyst UTSW 13 13709341 missense possibly damaging 0.61
R2238:Lyst UTSW 13 13743263 missense probably benign 0.41
R2258:Lyst UTSW 13 13637658 missense probably benign 0.00
R2292:Lyst UTSW 13 13740495 missense probably damaging 1.00
R2368:Lyst UTSW 13 13696663 missense probably damaging 0.96
R2908:Lyst UTSW 13 13669873 missense probably benign 0.03
R3001:Lyst UTSW 13 13696705 missense probably benign
R3002:Lyst UTSW 13 13696705 missense probably benign
R3024:Lyst UTSW 13 13658687 missense probably benign
R3113:Lyst UTSW 13 13669927 missense probably benign 0.12
R3406:Lyst UTSW 13 13635230 missense possibly damaging 0.56
R3972:Lyst UTSW 13 13706625 missense possibly damaging 0.67
R3978:Lyst UTSW 13 13634168 missense possibly damaging 0.82
R4032:Lyst UTSW 13 13616665 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4192:Lyst UTSW 13 13740513 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4206:Lyst UTSW 13 13635989 missense probably benign 0.03
R4298:Lyst UTSW 13 13634887 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4344:Lyst UTSW 13 13698466 missense probably benign 0.06
R4441:Lyst UTSW 13 13635383 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4445:Lyst UTSW 13 13709564 missense probably benign 0.42
R4477:Lyst UTSW 13 13635383 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4493:Lyst UTSW 13 13635383 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4494:Lyst UTSW 13 13635383 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4495:Lyst UTSW 13 13635383 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4622:Lyst UTSW 13 13674398 missense probably benign 0.01
R4638:Lyst UTSW 13 13696794 splice site probably null
R4658:Lyst UTSW 13 13635383 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4675:Lyst UTSW 13 13635383 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4719:Lyst UTSW 13 13650350 missense probably benign
R4729:Lyst UTSW 13 13637901 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4774:Lyst UTSW 13 13740597 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4811:Lyst UTSW 13 13777100 missense probably benign 0.33
R4877:Lyst UTSW 13 13683149 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4920:Lyst UTSW 13 13647060 missense possibly damaging 0.79
R4933:Lyst UTSW 13 13637764 missense probably damaging 0.98
R4933:Lyst UTSW 13 13759378 missense probably benign 0.12
R4958:Lyst UTSW 13 13635463 missense probably benign 0.00
R4982:Lyst UTSW 13 13725954 missense probably damaging 1.00
R4992:Lyst UTSW 13 13661163 missense probably damaging 1.00
R5024:Lyst UTSW 13 13634404 missense probably benign
R5049:Lyst UTSW 13 13636064 missense probably damaging 1.00
R5079:Lyst UTSW 13 13757353 missense probably benign 0.08
R5254:Lyst UTSW 13 13683070 missense probably benign 0.00
R5266:Lyst UTSW 13 13660970 missense probably damaging 1.00
R5279:Lyst UTSW 13 13648802 nonsense probably null
R5285:Lyst UTSW 13 13634426 missense probably benign 0.01
R5364:Lyst UTSW 13 13656854 missense probably benign 0.35
R5435:Lyst UTSW 13 13777064 missense possibly damaging 0.64
R5516:Lyst UTSW 13 13644122 missense probably benign 0.10
R5524:Lyst UTSW 13 13746779 missense probably benign 0.03
R5591:Lyst UTSW 13 13743333 missense probably damaging 0.99
R5592:Lyst UTSW 13 13743333 missense probably damaging 0.99
R5593:Lyst UTSW 13 13743333 missense probably damaging 0.99
R5594:Lyst UTSW 13 13743333 missense probably damaging 0.99
R5594:Lyst UTSW 13 13759397 missense probably benign 0.00
R5644:Lyst UTSW 13 13637496 missense possibly damaging 0.58
R5659:Lyst UTSW 13 13634627 missense possibly damaging 0.58
R5741:Lyst UTSW 13 13634030 missense probably benign 0.44
R5908:Lyst UTSW 13 13696761 nonsense probably null
R5969:Lyst UTSW 13 13687813 splice site probably null
R6128:Lyst UTSW 13 13759379 missense possibly damaging 0.67
R6271:Lyst UTSW 13 13658754 missense probably benign 0.30
R6315:Lyst UTSW 13 13643504 missense probably benign
R6318:Lyst UTSW 13 13743311 missense possibly damaging 0.88
R6555:Lyst UTSW 13 13648925 missense probably benign 0.01
R6663:Lyst UTSW 13 13664116 splice site probably null
R6701:Lyst UTSW 13 13681485 missense probably benign 0.06
R6711:Lyst UTSW 13 13635235 missense possibly damaging 0.80
R6909:Lyst UTSW 13 13743375 missense probably damaging 1.00
R6915:Lyst UTSW 13 13726044 missense probably benign 0.01
R6929:Lyst UTSW 13 13743324 missense probably damaging 1.00
R6960:Lyst UTSW 13 13634078 missense probably benign 0.12
R7018:Lyst UTSW 13 13743459 critical splice donor site probably null
R7037:Lyst UTSW 13 13616666 missense probably damaging 1.00
R7045:Lyst UTSW 13 13634900 missense probably benign 0.34
R7045:Lyst UTSW 13 13637708 missense probably damaging 1.00
R7070:Lyst UTSW 13 13757444 missense probably benign 0.23
R7188:Lyst UTSW 13 13752090 missense possibly damaging 0.66
R7201:Lyst UTSW 13 13709300 nonsense probably null
R7210:Lyst UTSW 13 13656983 missense probably damaging 1.00
R7229:Lyst UTSW 13 13643509 missense probably benign 0.00
R7293:Lyst UTSW 13 13680237 missense probably benign 0.01
R7318:Lyst UTSW 13 13757443 missense probably benign 0.13
R7344:Lyst UTSW 13 13706555 missense probably benign
R7426:Lyst UTSW 13 13637524 missense probably benign
R7522:Lyst UTSW 13 13647083 nonsense probably null
R7583:Lyst UTSW 13 13635887 missense probably damaging 1.00
R7606:Lyst UTSW 13 13637475 missense probably damaging 1.00
R7636:Lyst UTSW 13 13616747 critical splice donor site probably null
R7658:Lyst UTSW 13 13730476 missense possibly damaging 0.63
R7685:Lyst UTSW 13 13669865 missense probably benign 0.00
R7689:Lyst UTSW 13 13683223 critical splice donor site probably null
R7765:Lyst UTSW 13 13709532 missense possibly damaging 0.75
R7779:Lyst UTSW 13 13634543 missense probably damaging 1.00
R7871:Lyst UTSW 13 13636052 nonsense probably null
R7872:Lyst UTSW 13 13635865 missense probably benign 0.14
R7884:Lyst UTSW 13 13707683 missense probably benign 0.09
R7890:Lyst UTSW 13 13740569 missense probably damaging 0.99
R7916:Lyst UTSW 13 13647072 missense possibly damaging 0.64
R7948:Lyst UTSW 13 13746589 missense possibly damaging 0.59
R7956:Lyst UTSW 13 13641203 missense possibly damaging 0.80
R8048:Lyst UTSW 13 13687645 missense probably benign 0.12
R8085:Lyst UTSW 13 13634309 missense probably damaging 0.98
R8165:Lyst UTSW 13 13698360 missense probably damaging 0.99
R8235:Lyst UTSW 13 13760738 missense possibly damaging 0.69
R8237:Lyst UTSW 13 13651732 missense probably benign 0.00
R8275:Lyst UTSW 13 13776082 missense probably benign 0.02
R8300:Lyst UTSW 13 13664058 missense possibly damaging 0.79
R8350:Lyst UTSW 13 13650388 nonsense probably null
R8526:Lyst UTSW 13 13760806 missense probably damaging 0.99
R8551:Lyst UTSW 13 13634060 missense possibly damaging 0.77
R8723:Lyst UTSW 13 13712757 missense possibly damaging 0.89
R8772:Lyst UTSW 13 13637492 nonsense probably null
R8778:Lyst UTSW 13 13635776 missense possibly damaging 0.89
R8778:Lyst UTSW 13 13728567 missense possibly damaging 0.89
R8801:Lyst UTSW 13 13661010 missense probably benign 0.10
R8837:Lyst UTSW 13 13677963 missense probably benign
R8874:Lyst UTSW 13 13637562 missense probably benign
R8878:Lyst UTSW 13 13641076 missense probably benign 0.00
R8891:Lyst UTSW 13 13712850 missense possibly damaging 0.67
R9077:Lyst UTSW 13 13683108 missense probably benign 0.02
R9127:Lyst UTSW 13 13634242 missense probably damaging 1.00
R9143:Lyst UTSW 13 13661165 missense probably damaging 0.98
R9216:Lyst UTSW 13 13648603 missense probably benign
R9217:Lyst UTSW 13 13696660 missense probably benign 0.01
R9291:Lyst UTSW 13 13709353 missense probably benign 0.01
R9302:Lyst UTSW 13 13730362 missense possibly damaging 0.46
R9370:Lyst UTSW 13 13760748 missense probably damaging 1.00
R9402:Lyst UTSW 13 13637878 missense probably benign
R9457:Lyst UTSW 13 13687745 missense possibly damaging 0.83
R9481:Lyst UTSW 13 13683068 missense possibly damaging 0.68
R9563:Lyst UTSW 13 13637823 missense probably benign 0.36
R9623:Lyst UTSW 13 13678002 missense probably benign
R9661:Lyst UTSW 13 13634194 missense probably benign 0.01
R9682:Lyst UTSW 13 13656941 missense probably benign 0.21
R9743:Lyst UTSW 13 13634738 missense possibly damaging 0.67
R9801:Lyst UTSW 13 13634705 missense probably damaging 0.97
RF001:Lyst UTSW 13 13635841 missense probably benign
RF002:Lyst UTSW 13 13634363 missense probably benign 0.05
X0024:Lyst UTSW 13 13634448 missense probably benign 0.00
X0026:Lyst UTSW 13 13751970 missense probably damaging 0.99
Z1088:Lyst UTSW 13 13743433 missense probably benign 0.09
Z1176:Lyst UTSW 13 13640107 missense probably damaging 1.00
Z1176:Lyst UTSW 13 13777079 missense probably benign 0.27
Z1177:Lyst UTSW 13 13680134 missense possibly damaging 0.73
Mode of Inheritance Autosomal Recessive
Local Stock Sperm, gDNA
Repository

none

Last Updated 2018-08-02 11:36 AM by Diantha La Vine
Record Created unknown
Record Posted 2009-01-09
Phenotypic Description

Charlotte gray was discovered as a hypopigmented mutant in a screen of ENU-mutagenized G3 mice.  Charlotte gray was found to be allelic with souris, in which a mutation in the Lyst gene was identified (1;2). Charlotte gray mice display normal type I interferon (IFN) responses to CpG DNA challenge in vivo.

Nature of Mutation
The charlotte gray mutation was mapped to Chromosome 13, and corresponds to a T to G transversion at position 8521 of the Lyst transcript, in exon 33 of 53 total exons.
 
8504 GCCAAGTTGGTTTTGTATTTGTCAGAGTTGATA
2776   -A--K--L--V--L--Y--L--S--E--L--I-
 

Figure 1. Domain structure of the Lyst protein. The Lyst protein is a 3788-amino acid protein whose biochemical functions remain unknown. The N-terminal portion of the protein contains approximately twenty repeats with homology to ARM  and HEAT repeat motifs and a perilipin domain (PD). The C-terminal portion of Lyst contains a BEACH  domain and seven WD40 motifs. The charlotte gray mutation results in the substitution of a tyrosine to a premature stop codon at amino acid 2780. This image is interactive. This image is interactive. Click on the mutations (red) for more specific information.

The mutated nucleotide is indicated in red lettering, and creates a premature stop codon at codon 2780 (normally a tyrosine) deleting 1007 amino acids from the C-terminus of the protein (Figure 1).  This would delete two of the ARM/HEAT motifs, the BEACH domain and the WD40 motifs.  Expression of the mutated Lyst protein has not been tested.

 

Please see the record for souris for information about Lyst.

Illustration of Mutations in
Gene & Protein
Primers Primers cannot be located by automatic search.
Genotyping
Charlotte gray genotyping is performed by amplifying the region containing the mutation using PCR, followed by sequencing of the amplified region to detect the single nucleotide change.  
 
Primers for PCR amplification
Cgray(F): 5’- ACCTAATACATTATTAAATTTCACCTACTGTATTGTCGTG -3’
Cgray(R): 5’- CTCAGATCTCCAAGGTTACTGCACAC -3’
 
PCR program
1) 94°C             2:00
2) 94°C             0:30
3) 56°C             0:30
4) 72°C             1:00
5) repeat steps (2-4) 29X
6) 72°C             7:00
7) 4°C               ∞
 
Primers for sequencing
Cgray_seq(F): 5’- ACCTACTGTATTGTCGTGTCTTTTAC -3’
Cgray_seq(R): 5’- CCTTTCCTGATCAAAAACTCATTAGC -3’
 
The following sequence of 702 nucleotides (from Genbank genomic region NC_000079 for linear genomic sequence of Lyst) is amplified:
 
115881                       acctaataca ttattaaatt tcacctactg tattgtcgtg
115921 tcttttacag ttgtaataaa tcttacccaa ccaactaact ttagaaatat atttaaatta
115981 tcattaaata atttaaaatc aaaactacaa atataattaa atttattatt aaataattta
116041 aacagaagaa ataaaattct ttataactaa aaccttatta cttattttta aagcatggag
116101 ccaagttggt tttgtatttg tcagagttga tacataatca tcaggatgag ttaagtgaag
116161 aagaaatgga cacagcagaa ctgcttatga atgctctaaa gttatgtggc cacaagtgca
116221 tcccgcccag tgccccttcc aaaccagagc tcattaagat catcagagag gtgagtctac
116281 caatcagagt tgttttttag gaaatccttt tgagtacact taacacagtg actgaaagat
116341 tgttttacta ttgataatat cttgcaatta ttaatttttg ctaatgagtt tttgatcagg
116401 aaaggaaaaa tagagttatt tagggtaact ttctattctc tttggttttt gtcatccatt
116461 atctatagac ttcaatgaag gaaggattat tattgagatt tatttatctt atgtatatgt

116521 atatgttttg tctacatata agtctattta tcacatgtgt gcagtaacct tggagatctg

 
116581 ag
 
Primer binding sites are underlined; the mutated T is highlighted in red.
References
Science Writers Nora G. Smart
Illustrators Katherine Timer
AuthorsAmanda L. Blasius, Bruce Beutler
Edit History
2011-01-07 8:57 AM (current)
2010-11-12 12:28 PM
2010-07-22 10:14 AM
2010-02-03 5:32 PM